During the conference, each country must report on its compliance to reduce CO2 emissions. The objective of this summit is to continue advancing with the objective set in 2015 of limiting the thermal increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius at the end of this century.
The XXVIII Conference of the Parties to the Framework Convention on Climate Change of the UN (COP28) will begin today, Thursday, November 30, in Dubai (United Arab Emirates) where, until December 12, nearly 200 countries will put on the table the cards of truth of their commitment against the climate emergency, adopted in 2015 in the Paris Agreement with which the international community set the objective is limit thermal increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius at the end of the century.
The international community meets in an oil country that, however, defends its “commitment” to climate action and its advanced process of the national economy to decouple from fossil fuels. Critics point to Dubai for its election as president of Sultan Bin Ahmed Al Jaber, the country’s Minister of Industry and Advanced Technology and president of the Emirati state oil company.
One of the issues that make this event one of the most important since the Paris COP is the fact that in 2023 each country must report on its compliance to reduce CO2 emissions, address mitigation and adaptation, as well as its financial contribution to finance climate action in developing countries within the framework of the loss and damage mechanism.
All of this occurs in a complex international context, marked by the war in Ukraine, now also by the war in Gaza, the difficult global economic and energy situation and in a year in which the severe impacts of climate change have become evident in all corners of the planet in the form of droughts, floods, fires and other types of adverse weather and climate events.
At the same time, throughout the year and especially in these previous weeks, results have been released that are as uninspiring as those of the UN World Environment Program (UNEP), which indicates that the sum of efforts made so far by the international community will lead to an increase in global temperature of 2.9 ºC by the end of the century, that is, almost double what was promised.
The UN thus denounces that greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions increased by 1.2% between 2021 and 2022, to 57.4 gigatonnes of CO2, and warns that this “worrying” trend of “insufficient” action in mitigation, leads to “paths of greater social inequality.”
In fact, the total implementation of the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) will lead to 2.5 ºC above pre-industrial levels, with a 66% probability. The organization estimates that it will be necessary at a global level to reduce CO2 emissions by 28% between now and 2030 to limit the global temperature increase to 2 ºC with a 66% chance and 42% to achieve the goal of 1. 5 ºC at the end of the century. This, in absolute terms, means cutting an additional 22 gigatonnes of CO2 to meet the objective of the 1.5 ºC thermal increase limit.
However, the director of the Copernicus Climate Change Service has confirmed that on November 17, 2 ºC of global warming was reached, which to date is the largest deviation from the estimated measurement for the pre-industrial period. Its director, Carlo Buontempo, has described this data as “anecdotal”, but warns that it underlines the “proximity” to the internationally agreed limits.
“World temperature records are being broken with alarming regularity,” warns Buontempo.
Source: Eitb
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